GRAI Research
Employment-Visa
Housing Exposure
H-1B employment-filing activity across qualifying US city-state markets, Apr–Jun 2026 vs Apr–Jun 2025.
Interpretation note These indicators measure employer filing activity. They are not worker counts or measured housing outcomes.
LEAD FINDING · APR–JUN 2026 VS APR–JUN 2025
North Texas’s intended new-employment indicator fell about 4× as sharply as the US nationally.
The six-city DFW corridor is Dallas, Plano, Irving, Frisco, Richardson and McKinney.
Employer-declared new-employment positions decreased 33.4% in the DFW six-city corridor and 7.5% nationally.
Read this correctly: an LCA is an employer filing. One filing may cover multiple positions and multiple worksites. The intended new-employment indicator is not an approved petition, hire, worker arrival, unique worker, resident, household or homebuyer.
MARKET EXPLORER
What changed in a specific employment market?
Frisco, TX
Apr–Jun 2026 vs Apr–Jun 2025 · certified H-1B LCA activity
Frisco, TX: employer-declared new-employment positions decreased 42.5%, from 939 to 540.
* Wage-level coverage: the share is calculated among reported new-employment positions associated with a stated wage level; records without a reported wage level are excluded.
† Employer classification: the share includes filings with a known classification; missing or unknown statuses are excluded. H-1B-dependent is a statutory classification, not a staffing- or consulting-company label.
CROSS-MARKET COMPARISON
How did qualifying H-1B employment markets change?
GRAI analyzed every US city-state market with at least 250 employer-declared H-1B new-employment positions during the Apr–Jun 2025 baseline period. Market inclusion was determined using the baseline period and did not depend on 2026 performance.
Enable JavaScript to sort and open markets here; the complete table follows.
MARKET DATA
Qualifying US employment markets
Apr–Jun determinations, ordered from lowest to highest change in employer-declared new-employment positions.
| Market | 2025 new positions | 2026 new positions | YoY change | 2026 Level I/II share* | 2026 H-1B-dependent filing share† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Redwood Shores, CA | 551 | 142 | −74.2% | 7.0% | 0.0% |
| Duluth, GA | 262 | 94 | −64.1% | 70.7% | 37.1% |
| Edison, NJ | 479 | 179 | −62.6% | 79.7% | 59.4% |
| Pleasanton, CA | 461 | 179 | −61.2% | 55.6% | 23.9% |
| Piscataway, NJ | 271 | 125 | −53.9% | 88.9% | 39.0% |
| Raleigh, NC | 740 | 355 | −52.0% | 60.6% | 31.8% |
| Rochester, NY | 352 | 170 | −51.7% | 86.7% | 12.7% |
| Hartford, CT | 503 | 252 | −49.9% | 86.0% | 62.5% |
| Troy, MI | 253 | 133 | −47.4% | 63.4% | 22.9% |
| Princeton, NJ | 510 | 271 | −46.9% | 71.6% | 33.3% |
| Schaumburg, IL | 294 | 157 | −46.6% | 75.8% | 56.2% |
| Morrisville, NC | 402 | 215 | −46.5% | 60.5% | 39.2% |
| Philadelphia, PA | 939 | 504 | −46.3% | 77.8% | 14.1% |
| Denver, CO | 545 | 297 | −45.5% | 62.9% | 12.0% |
| Auburn Hills, MI | 271 | 148 | −45.4% | 66.0% | 39.1% |
| Richardson, TX | 1,094 | 617 | −43.6% | 67.2% | 50.0% |
| Arlington, VA | 760 | 430 | −43.4% | 64.1% | 4.0% |
| Frisco, TX | 939 | 540 | −42.5% | 77.5% | 48.4% |
| Redwood City, CA | 335 | 193 | −42.4% | 45.9% | 2.3% |
| Louisville, KY | 269 | 161 | −40.1% | 59.9% | 35.2% |
| Milwaukee, WI | 299 | 182 | −39.1% | 70.8% | 16.7% |
| Alpharetta, GA | 899 | 556 | −38.2% | 68.9% | 41.7% |
| Nashville, TN | 498 | 312 | −37.3% | 62.0% | 19.8% |
| Tampa, FL | 886 | 558 | −37.0% | 72.9% | 32.6% |
| Coppell, TX | 263 | 169 | −35.7% | 66.7% | 43.8% |
| Salt Lake City, UT | 843 | 546 | −35.2% | 62.4% | 7.7% |
| San Antonio, TX | 493 | 323 | −34.5% | 68.7% | 39.6% |
| Tempe, AZ | 532 | 357 | −32.9% | 71.5% | 14.5% |
| Dallas, TX | 3,714 | 2,503 | −32.6% | 80.2% | 16.8% |
| Durham, NC | 481 | 326 | −32.2% | 65.3% | 14.2% |
| Irving, TX | 1,997 | 1,362 | −31.8% | 74.7% | 45.5% |
| Chandler, AZ | 269 | 185 | −31.2% | 66.5% | 23.7% |
| McKinney, TX | 402 | 278 | −30.8% | 74.0% | 44.2% |
| Brooklyn, NY | 942 | 657 | −30.3% | 70.4% | 7.7% |
| Cleveland, OH | 269 | 188 | −30.1% | 72.5% | 9.8% |
| Houston, TX | 2,742 | 1,930 | −29.6% | 66.3% | 21.9% |
| Bronx, NY | 551 | 403 | −26.9% | 82.0% | 7.0% |
| Minneapolis, MN | 367 | 270 | −26.4% | 76.8% | 18.5% |
| Plano, TX | 1,829 | 1,346 | −26.4% | 73.8% | 46.0% |
| Atlanta, GA | 2,174 | 1,609 | −26.0% | 67.7% | 22.6% |
| Hillsboro, OR | 274 | 204 | −25.5% | 55.6% | 9.2% |
| Memphis, TN | 323 | 242 | −25.1% | 72.9% | 14.3% |
| Orlando, FL | 510 | 386 | −24.3% | 59.0% | 19.4% |
| Scottsdale, AZ | 275 | 209 | −24.0% | 66.3% | 27.2% |
| Washington, DC | 550 | 419 | −23.8% | 72.9% | 13.6% |
| Herndon, VA | 456 | 350 | −23.2% | 69.9% | 18.5% |
| Redmond, WA | 1,540 | 1,189 | −22.8% | 58.2% | 15.8% |
| St. Louis, MO | 332 | 258 | −22.3% | 77.8% | 11.1% |
| Kansas City, MO | 269 | 211 | −21.6% | 85.2% | 11.4% |
| Buffalo, NY | 273 | 215 | −21.2% | 83.3% | 14.7% |
| Richmond, VA | 257 | 204 | −20.6% | 70.3% | 35.8% |
| Columbus, OH | 447 | 362 | −19.0% | 73.7% | 34.5% |
| Fort Worth, TX | 341 | 277 | −18.8% | 79.5% | 24.2% |
| Cary, NC | 321 | 261 | −18.7% | 70.6% | 32.1% |
| Irvine, CA | 996 | 811 | −18.6% | 61.0% | 13.1% |
| Miami, FL | 743 | 608 | −18.2% | 55.7% | 8.6% |
| Charlotte, NC | 1,184 | 984 | −16.9% | 69.6% | 38.6% |
| Las Vegas, NV | 295 | 250 | −15.3% | 60.4% | 23.4% |
| Cincinnati, OH | 467 | 397 | −15.0% | 79.6% | 29.6% |
| Jacksonville, FL | 336 | 292 | −13.1% | 65.2% | 21.6% |
| Jersey City, NJ | 1,125 | 979 | −13.0% | 72.8% | 25.8% |
| Los Angeles, CA | 1,229 | 1,076 | −12.4% | 65.9% | 5.7% |
| Phoenix, AZ | 1,089 | 954 | −12.4% | 67.2% | 33.2% |
| Wilmington, DE | 267 | 236 | −11.6% | 62.7% | 31.8% |
| Fremont, CA | 711 | 632 | −11.1% | 74.6% | 12.0% |
| Pittsburgh, PA | 871 | 780 | −10.4% | 65.4% | 23.4% |
| Denton, TX | 254 | 230 | −9.4% | 80.0% | 35.6% |
| Chicago, IL | 3,357 | 3,045 | −9.3% | 74.0% | 13.3% |
| Boston, MA | 1,861 | 1,698 | −8.8% | 72.5% | 5.5% |
| Baltimore, MD | 468 | 433 | −7.5% | 88.9% | 17.6% |
| McLean, VA | 510 | 476 | −6.7% | 77.3% | 24.5% |
| Santa Clara, CA | 3,950 | 3,708 | −6.1% | 57.1% | 42.8% |
| Cambridge, MA | 527 | 505 | −4.2% | 55.2% | 3.9% |
| Bentonville, AR | 604 | 587 | −2.8% | 74.4% | 12.6% |
| Austin, TX | 3,833 | 3,746 | −2.3% | 59.1% | 25.1% |
| Milpitas, CA | 484 | 487 | +0.6% | 70.7% | 6.3% |
| New York, NY | 10,184 | 10,271 | +0.9% | 64.1% | 7.8% |
| Detroit, MI | 269 | 278 | +3.3% | 83.2% | 16.0% |
| Palo Alto, CA | 998 | 1,036 | +3.8% | 73.3% | 4.2% |
| Bellevue, WA | 3,171 | 3,647 | +15.0% | 65.7% | 25.8% |
| Indianapolis, IN | 683 | 847 | +24.0% | 57.6% | 28.0% |
| Seattle, WA | 5,029 | 6,379 | +26.8% | 64.9% | 3.7% |
| Sunnyvale, CA | 1,534 | 2,115 | +37.9% | 78.7% | 11.7% |
| Menlo Park, CA | 1,000 | 1,462 | +46.2% | 73.1% | 74.4% |
| San Jose, CA | 3,470 | 5,506 | +58.7% | 63.9% | 37.0% |
| Mountain View, CA | 1,128 | 1,880 | +66.7% | 64.9% | 5.5% |
| Cupertino, CA | 508 | 876 | +72.4% | 74.7% | 4.1% |
| San Francisco, CA | 2,117 | 3,952 | +86.7% | 53.0% | 2.5% |
| San Diego, CA | 893 | 2,932 | +228.3% | 48.7% | 13.4% |
* Calculated among reported new-employment positions associated with a stated wage level; missing wage levels are excluded.
† Share of certified filings from H-1B-dependent employers among filings with a known classification; missing or unknown statuses are excluded.
METHODOLOGY & TRUST
What this dashboard measures - and what it does not
This analysis uses the US Department of Labor Office of Foreign Labor Certification’s quarterly LCA disclosure data to report certified H-1B employer filings and employer-declared intended new-employment positions.
Official source
The source is the US Department of Labor, Office of Foreign Labor Certification. The displayed activity indicators cover certified H-1B Labor Condition Applications.
Like-for-like period
GRAI standardizes the DOL quarterly disclosure files to comparable Apr–Jun decision periods before calculating year-over-year indicators.
Market inclusion
Every US city-state market with at least 250 employer-declared H-1B new-employment positions in the Apr–Jun 2025 baseline period is included. The 2026 outcome does not affect inclusion.
What an LCA represents
An LCA is an employer filing, not a worker. One filing may cover multiple positions and multiple worksites, so filing and position indicators are not counts of unique people.
Displayed indicators
The dashboard shows certified filing activity, employer-declared intended new-employment positions, year-over-year change, wage-level composition and H-1B-dependent employer share.
Wage-level composition
Level I/II share is calculated among reported new-employment positions associated with a stated wage level. Records without a reported wage level are excluded from the share.
Employer classification
H-1B-dependent employer is a statutory classification. The displayed share is calculated among filings with a known classification; missing or unknown statuses are excluded where necessary.
Geography limitation
The city layer uses the worksite city represented in the main DOL disclosure record. Some LCAs cover multiple worksites. City figures are therefore directional employment-filing indicators, not precise counts of workers physically located in each city. The six-city DFW aggregate reduces some intra-corridor attribution noise but remains an employment-filing indicator.
City-level filing activity can sometimes be influenced by a small number of large employers, so large local movements should not automatically be interpreted as broad labor-market changes.
What is not measured
This release does not measure home-price effects, household migration, housing demand, home sales, rent changes or commercial real-estate impact. It does not create a composite risk, stress or housing-exposure score.
Dataset version
2026-09-05-v1
Comparison periods
Apr 1–Jun 30, 2025 and 2026
Official source collection
US DOL OFLC Performance Data
PROPERTY-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Market indicators cannot decide whether a specific property should be sold, rented or held.
Bring the property, mortgage, rent and scenario assumptions into GRAI.